Modern commerce architecture has five key components

There are five key components of a modern architecture for commerce. (Figure 2)

1. Modern front-end

There is a fundamental shift happening in modern front-ends, considering the evolving business and developer needs. The front-end solutions in modern architectures have evolved from being based on development frameworks like React or Angular.js to leveraging digital experience platform (DXP) or adopting low-code- or no-code-based modern storefront solution to dynamically create and manage the front-end experience.

Enterprises want to dynamically assemble, personalize, and effortlessly orchestrate the front-end user experience. Modern front-end will evolve into a gallery of loosely coupled, reusable, independent components to enable business innovation provide agility for enterprises. The global mobile commerce (mCommerce) market accelerated by COVID ($628 billion in 2020) is expected to grow at a CAGR of 34% between 2021-26 Enterprises are increasingly adopting PWAs (progressive web apps) that will provide native app capability with the reach of web and enable offline mobile experience to end-customers. Studies prove that PWAs have 36% higher conversion rate than native mobile applications

Individual product teams can now choose the right front-end technologies to create differentiated experience, leveraging heterogeneous, modern technology stack by adopting industry-leading SecDevOps practices. Developers are now responsible for ensuring that the front-end is highly performant, secure, responsive, and gets the top Google page score. The future front-end will be ingrained with aspects of SEO, SEM, usability, and accessibility needs.

2. Headless CMS

Headless CMS (content management system) decouples content from the structure or style in which it’s displayed, provides content as a service with API-first design to orchestrate and provide curated user experience based on the channel or end-user device. Headless CMS helps enterprises decouple content from the delivery layer. But, with the advent of many unstructured contents across the customer shopping experience, enterprises will start adopting a hybrid headless approach to manage and deliver unstructured content. Enterprises are also fundamentally looking at intelligent CMS with built-in personalization capabilities, auto-tagging and easily customizable workflows.

As headless CMS evolves, developers demand robust controls to author, preview and publish content. The CMS’ evolution will provide developers the capability to not just control content but also easily compose SPA (single page application) layouts and automatically suggest the placement of contents.

3. Modular microservices commerce platform

Traditional headless commerce architecture can still use legacy monolithic ecommerce platforms, and most providers of these platforms offer “headless” versions today. However, for teams to develop and independently deploy new capabilities quickly, the backend commerce platform has to be modernized modularly with microservices.

Until a few years back, the only option for enterprises that wanted this type of platform was to embark on a custom solution. But new products now offer microservices-based ecommerce platforms as a SaaS with cloud-native services, making it easier for enterprises to deploy independently and realize the true benefits of microservices by providing business agility.

Though microservices provide modularity and improve time to market, growing business needs will ultimately result in the evolution of microservices into FaaS (function as a service)-based model. Enterprises’ demands for intelligent commerce platforms will lead to the evolution of intelligent microservices with in-memory computing and run-time analytical capabilities that drive business innovation.

With many developers across different enterprises working on creating microservices for specific needs, the future will evolve into a centralized and standardized microservices sharing economy, giving rise to a new service model – MaaS (microservices as a service).

4. APIs-driven customer experience orchestration

APIs are at the core of modern architecture for commerce. These open APIs provide enterprises with autonomy to design, orchestrate and curate personalized customer experience journeys. These flexible and open APIs also enable easy integration of third-party solutions with core platform capabilities. This allows enterprises to easily build ecosystems of business partners for delivering differentiated customer propositions.

As enterprises strive to be more proactive and infuse automation into their customer engagement strategies, the next generation of APIs will evolve to be more intelligent and capable of making decisions on behalf of the customer, boosting business agility. With the advent of OpenAPI Initiative (OAI), APIs of the future will be standardized and become programming language-agnostic.

Evolving developer API marketplace will enable creation of an eco-system of APIs through collaboration and provide enterprises the ability to select, assemble and launch APIs for specific needs, enabling faster time to market. Increasing business needs and complexities is increasing the number of APIs. In future, APIs will also require governance at scale. API metering and monetization of these APIs with comprehensive analytics and monitoring tools to track consumption, usage, and security will be the next big focus area for enterprises.

5. Algorithmic layer

The brain of the modern digital platforms, algo layer, delivers the intelligence required to provide customer-centric experiences and enable autonomous operations. This embedded intelligence layer consists of AI-ML models, cognitive services, data science, and decision engines that consume underlying data and information, detect anomalies, create meaningful and actionable real-time insights from multiple applications and services, and deliver personalized engagements for every customer. Modern platforms also provide business users with intelligent dashboards with co-related insights that help them in pro-active decision-making and business innovation.

Enterprises will invest and research largely in perfecting this algorithmic layer as they look for the right insights to create a differentiated proposition. The adoption of digital twin, as a digital replica of real-time customer, will take center stage as enterprise intelligence evolves to ensure customer engagement is right every time. Sainsbury’s, for example, have developed a virtual queuing app that lets customers remotely select and monitor their position in a line at a store, without being physically present, to stay safe and shop conveniently in the time of the pandemic.